Losart 25 mg Tablet contains Losartan Potassium, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used primarily for the management of hypertension (high blood pressure) and for renal protection in patients with type 2 diabetes and proteinuria. It works by blocking the effects of angiotensin II, a powerful vasoconstrictor that contributes to elevated blood pressure and progressive kidney damage.

Losart 25 mg helps relax blood vessels, reduce blood pressure, and decrease the workload on the heart. In diabetic patients with proteinuria (urine albumin to creatinine ratio >300 mg/g), it slows the progression of kidney disease by lowering intraglomerular pressure and reducing protein loss in urine. It may be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents such as thiazide diuretics.

রেজিস্টার্ড চিকিৎসকের পরামর্শ অনুযায়ী ঔষধ সেবন করুন

Therapeutic Class

• Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB)

• Antihypertensive Agent

Indications

Losart 25 mg is indicated for:

• Hypertension – As monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive drugs (e.g., thiazide diuretics)

• Renal protection in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes and proteinuria – To delay progression of nephropathy

Pharmacology

Losartan is the first orally active, non-peptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. It selectively blocks the AT1 receptor, which is widely distributed in tissues including the heart, kidneys, adrenal glands, and vascular smooth muscle.

By inhibiting the action of angiotensin II, Losartan:

• Prevents vasoconstriction

• Reduces aldosterone secretion

• Decreases sodium and water retention

• Lowers blood pressure

• Protects renal function in diabetic nephropathy

Its active metabolite contributes significantly to its antihypertensive and renoprotective effects.

Mode of Action

• Selective blockade of AT1 receptors

• Inhibits angiotensin II–mediated vasoconstriction

• Reduces aldosterone production

• Promotes vasodilation and lowers systemic vascular resistance

• Provides renal protective effects in diabetic patients

Dosage & Administration

Hypertension:

• Usual starting and maintenance dose: 50 mg once daily

• If response is inadequate, dose may be increased to 100 mg daily (single or divided doses)

• Patients with volume depletion (e.g., on high-dose diuretics): Start with 25 mg once daily

Renal Protection in Type 2 Diabetes:

• Initial dose: 50 mg once daily

• May be increased to 100 mg once daily based on blood pressure response

Dose Range:

• 25 mg to 100 mg per day

Losart 25 mg may be taken with or without food.

Drug Interactions

• Rifampicin, Fluconazole: May decrease levels of active metabolite

• Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone), potassium supplements: Risk of hyperkalemia

• NSAIDs (e.g., indomethacin): May reduce antihypertensive effect

• ACE inhibitors or ARBs with NSAIDs and diuretics: Increased risk of renal impairment

• Hydrochlorothiazide: May enhance antihypertensive effect

• Aliskiren: Contraindicated in diabetic patients

  রেজিস্টার্ড চিকিৎসকের পরামর্শ অনুযায়ী ঔষধ সেবন করুন

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to Losartan or any component

• Pregnancy

• Concomitant use with Aliskiren in diabetic patients

Side Effects

Losart 25 mg is generally well tolerated. Common side effects include:

• Dizziness

• Diarrhea

• Nasal congestion

• Cough

• Upper respiratory infection

Less common effects:

• Fatigue

• Edema

• Chest pain

• Nausea

• Headache

• Pharyngitis

Precautions & Warnings

• Avoid use during second and third trimesters of pregnancy

• Risk of symptomatic hypotension in volume-depleted patients

• Monitor renal function in patients with renal impairment

• Plasma levels may increase in patients with liver cirrhosis

• Monitor serum potassium levels during therapy

Pregnancy & Lactation

• Pregnancy Category D – Risk of fetal injury, especially in second and third trimesters

• Unknown if excreted in breast milk; decision should be made whether to discontinue drug or breastfeeding

Storage Conditions

• Store in a cool, dry place

• Protect from heat and light

• Keep out of reach of children